Machel, Samora Moãses (1933-1986),
first president of Mozambique
(1975-1986). The son of farmers in Gaza District, in southern Mozambique, Machel
was trained as a medical assistant. In 1962 he joined the Front for the
Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo), a movement seeking to overthrow Portuguese
colonial rule. After receiving military training in Algeria, he returned to
Mozambique in 1964 as a Frelimo guerrilla fighter and before long became a
commander. Machel was appointed Frelimo secretary of defense in 1966 and thereby
became a member of Frelimo's Central Committee. In 1969 Eduardo Mondlane, Frelimo's
founder and leader, was assassinated and Machel succeeded him the following
year. In 1974 Machel headed Frelimo's delegation in peace talks with the
Portuguese, and in 1975, when his country achieved independence, he became the
first president. Killed on October 19, 1986, in an air crash, he was succeeded
by the foreign minister Joaquim
Chissano.