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Two months before the Civil War broke out, Emma Holmes made the first entry in a diary that would eventually hold vivid firsthand accounts of several major historical events. Born into an elite South Carolina family, Holmes was in her twenties during the war years. She lived in Charleston during April, 1861, bombardment of Fort Sumter and was visiting there during the 1863 Union shelling of the city. Her description of the Charleston fire of December, 1861, which destroyed her family home and leveled much of the city, is one of the most powerful passages in the diary. Holmes also spent extended periods of time on plantations and visited army camps, which she described in detail. Because of the Charleston fire, her family was uprooted to Camden, South Carolina, where she came face-to-face with Union forces: first Sherman's army, then black troops, and finally the small Reconstruction garrison. In presenting her picture of the wartime South, Holmes discussed numerous northern and southern military figures, the role of women in the war effort, the religious and social life of the day, and the heavy toll that fighting and disease took on the military and civilian population.
John F. Marszalek has eliminated extraneous details in order
to highlight Holmes's individual insight, the vital heart
of the volumn. His new Forward considers this valuable contribution
to social history in the context of the current growing popularity
of the Civil War and the relatively recent interest in that
conflict among women's studies scholars.
John F. Marszalek, William L. Giles Distinguished Professor of History at Mississippi State University, is the author of Sherman: A Soldier's Passion for Order and Court Martial: A Black Man in America, which was the basis for a recent movie made for television. A new edition of that book has been published under the title Assault at West Point.
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